Genetic based sensorless hybrid intelligent controller for strip loop formation control between inter-stands in hot steel rolling mills

Safe operating environment is essential for all complex industrial processes. The safety issues in steel rolling mill when the hot strip passes through consecutive mill stands have been considered in this paper. Formation of sag in strip is a common problem in the rolling process. The excessive sag can lead to scrap runs and damage to machinery. Conventional controllers for mill actuation system are based on a rolling model. The factors like rise in temperature, aging, wear and tear are not taken into account while designing a conventional controller. Therefore, the conventional controller cannot yield a requisite controlled output. In this paper, a new Genetic-neuro-fuzzy hybrid controller without tension sensor has been proposed to optimize the quantum of excessive sag and reduce it. The performance of the proposed controller has been compared with the performance of fuzzy logic controller, Neuro-fuzzy controller and conventional controller with the help of data collected from the plant. The simulation results depict that the proposed controller has superior performance than the other controllers.     

Effects of liquid viscosity and surface tension on atomization in two-phase, gas/liquid fluid coker nozzles

This is an experimental study of the effects of liquid viscosity (μ_L) and surface tension (γ) on the size of droplets produced by an atomizer fed with a two-phase gas/liquid (TPGL) mixture. The nozzle is a one-quarter scale model of an industrial fluid coker nozzle used for bitumen upgrading. The primary objective of this study was to compare the Sauter mean diameter of the TPGL sprays for different μ_L and γ. Compressed air was used as the gas phase; the liquid phases were water, canola oil and a glycerine-water solution. The μ_L was varied from 1 mPa s to 67 mPa s, and γ was varied from 25 mN/m to 61 mN/m. The liquid flow rates were varied from 0.095 L/s to 0.105 L/s, and the gas-to-liquid ratio , by mass, was fixed at 2%, similar to the ratio used in commercial fluid coker nozzles. Fluid mixing pressures in the test were between 400 kPa and 700 kPa. The D₃₂ within the spray was measured using a Dantec 2D-Fibre mode Phase-Doppler-Particle-Anemometer (PDPA). With measurements performed at axial distances of 100 and 202 mm from the nozzle orifice and within a spray radius of 40 mm. The results showed that the 67-fold increase in μ_L results in 46 μm increase in D₃₂ which roughly extrapolates to a power law relationship exponent of 0.11 (based on two points). In contrast, the 2.4-fold increase in γ indicates roughly 42 μm increase in D₃₂, giving an exponent of −0.24. For both parameters the exponent is small, indicating weak dependence. The γ effects appear stronger, but the modest increase is barely exceeds the margin of error.     

八钢小型材厂的活套自动控制

本文介绍了八钢小型材厂的活套自动控制方法。通过控制流程,总结出了活套调节的一般方法。     

基于PT在线注入信号及神经网络跟踪小波变换模极大值变化的配电网故障定位方法

提出了一种配网单相接地在线故障定位的新方法。故障发生后从变电站母线在线向系统注入高频脉冲信号并获取线路上与注入信号相对应的反射行波,在电网结构已知的情况下,通过对反射波的分析进行故障定位。该方法不仅能检测故障点的电气距离,而且能确定故障所在的分支线路,还能通过调节注入信号的大小多次定位故障,提高定位的准确性。应用该方法进行故障定位不受接地电阻的限制。通过M atlab/S imu-link进行了建模与仿真分析,仿真结果验证了该方法的正确性。     

拉线放卷恒张力控制系统的研究

GD4350CH小包透明卷烟包装机生产中由于拉线放卷张力波动较大,易出现拉线褶皱现象.在对原系统进行分析与研究后,提出利用交流伺服技术改造放卷控制系统,在转速跟随过程中加入张力闭环调节,通过改变放卷速度使张力保持恒定。     

布带缠绕机张力PID控制器参数自整定研究

详细介绍了对未知数学模型的布带缠绕机张力PID控制系统进行参数自整定的方法。首先利用过程辨识将控制系统的数学模型近似为一阶惯性加纯延迟形式，得到传递函数表达式，然后利用遗传算法进行PID参数的整定，在整定结果的基础上只需进行微调便可满足控制精度要求。和人工整定相比，该方法极大地提高了整定精确度和效率，有较高的工程应用价值。     

多变量单神经元自适应PSD控制器在多电机同步控制中的应用

以多变量非线性强耦合的多电机同步控制系统为研究对象,针对电流跟踪型SPWM变频器供电的感应电机系统,在α,β静止坐标系下,建立两台电机系统的统一数学模型。采用多变量单神经元自适应PSD控制器,实现了多电机的转子转速和皮带张力的解耦控制。仿真和实验结果证明了该控制器具有较高的快速性和控制精度且具有较强的鲁棒性。     

Charactersitics of Stress-strain Curve of High Strength Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete under Uniaxial Tension

A whole of 110 specimens divided into 22 groups were tested with varying the volume fraction of steel fibers and the matrix strength of these specimens. The stress-strain behaviors of four types of steel fiber reinforced concrete （SFRC） under uniaxial tension were studied experimentally. When the matrix strength and the fiber content increase, the tensile stress and tensile strain vary differently according to the fiber type. The mechanisms of reinforcing effect for different types of fiber were analyzed and the stress-strain curves of the specimens were plotted. Some experimental factors for stress or strain of SFRC were given. A tensile toughness modulus Re0.5 was introduced to evaluate the toughness characters of SFRC under uniaxial tension. Moreover, the formula of the tensile stress-strain curve of SFRC was regressed. The theoretical curve and the experimental ones fit well, which can be used for references in construction.     

激光衍射法测量表面张力和表面压

实验上实现了低频液体表面波的激光衍射,提出了激光衍射法测量液体表面张力和表面压。当激光斜入射到几百赫兹液体表面波上,观察到反射光形成稳定的、清晰的衍射光斑。理论上导出了衍射光斑的角宽度和表面波波长的解析关系,实验上验证了液体表面波的色散关系,计算了蒸馏水的表面张力和蒸馏水中加入不溶性表面活性剂———“苯”单分子膜的表面压。根据其机理,建立起一种实时、非接触测量液体表面张力和表面压的实用方法。     

电子产品实施无铅化是一个系统工程

从六个方面内容进行了评述,并强调了电子产品实施无铅化是一个系统工程。企图从电子产品实施无铅化的提出、无铅化焊料的基本特性、无铅化焊料焊接时的特点与要求等出发,从而论述电子产品实施无铅化对电子元器(组)件、CCL基板材料、PCB基板的主要要求以及相关的测试与标准的制定等,其目的是使读者有一个较全面的了解,以利于电子产品(包含原材料、元器件、PCB、组装等)制造者、特别是相关的工程技术人员,从整体的关联或系统工程上来理解、研究和解决电子产品无铅化问题,使电子产品能顺利而迅速地从有铅化(锡-铅体系)时代过渡到无铅化(目前,最佳体系为锡-银-铜系列)时代。